Ko te El Niño nui rawa atu e whakawehi ana i ngā mahi ahuwhenua me ngā mākete hua o te ao.

E ai ki te pūrongo 'Te Āhua o te Haumaru me te Kai o te Ao' i whakaputa tahitia e ngā umanga e rima o te UN, i te tau 2025, kua heke te tokomaha o te hunga matekai mō te toru o ngā tau, ā, e tata ana ki te 645 miriona, e 7.8% o te taupori o te ao, i raro iho i te 8.1% i te tau 2024 me te 8.6% i te tau 2022. Ko te whakapai ake i Āhia (ina koa Inia) me Amerika Latina te take matua, engari kei Āwherika tonu te tata ki te 309 miriona e pā ana ki te matekai. Heoi, e whakapouritia ana tēnei pūrongo e te āhuarangi rerekē: e whakaatu ana ngā tauira hou ka puta he 'Super El Niño' i te tau 2026, e whakawehi ana i te mahi ahuwhenua o te ao me ngā mākete taonga.

Ngā ara pānga ahuwhenua o El Niño

Mā te whakarerekē i ngā tauira ua me te pāmahana, ka pāngia tōtika e te āhuatanga El Niño te whakaputa kai i ngā rohe whakaputa matua. E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga o mua, mō te El Niño kaha, ka tino maroke ki te tonga-rāwhiti o Āhia me Ahitereiria, he ua nui ki ētahi wāhi o Amerika ki te Tonga, ā, i Amerika ki te Raki ka puta he takurua mahana. Mō ngā hua matua pērā i te kānga, te soy, te witi, ka pāngia tōtika ngā utu o te ao e te rerekētanga o te hua. E ai ki te Kaitohutohu Ohanga Matua o te FAO, a Maximo Torero, kei te tū tonu te pūnaha kai o te ao ki ngā whakawehi ohaoha me te taiao, ā, kua piki ake ngā utu o te pūngao me te tongi nā te aukatinga o ngā kaipuke (pērā i te Strait of Hormuz), ā, ka kaha ake te pāngia e te El Niño.

Te mahi a te hangarau ahuwhenua hei urupare

I runga i te tēnei taurangi o te āhuarangi, ko te ahuwhenua tika, te AI ahuwhenua, me ngā tikanga ahuwhenua toitū hei taputapu urutau matua. Hei tauira, ko te aroturuki i te mākū o te oneone mā te amiorangi me ngā tauira huarere e ārahi ana i te AI ka āwhina i ngā kaiparau ki te whakapai i te wā whakamakuku, hei whakaiti i te moumou wai. Ko ngā mahi ahuwhenua whakaora, pērā i ngā tipu kapi me te kaua e ngaki, ka whakapiki i te kaha pupuri wai o te oneone, hei whakapūmau i te pānga o ngā hui mākū me te maroke. I Amerika Latina, kua whakamahia e ētahi pāmu ngā papaaho ā-matihiko, e whakatika ana i ngā whakatau whakatō i te wā tika. Heoi, kei te tū tonu ngā pārae utu me te hangarau ki te whakawhānui i ēnei hangarau, ina koa i ngā rohe e noho ana ngā kaiparau iti, pērā i Āwherika.

Ngā pānga ahumahi

• Te whaihua o te mahi ahuwhenua: Ka whakaheke pea te El Niño i te hua o ngā whenua kaweake matua (pērā i Parīhi me Ahitereiria), engari ko ngā pāmu e whakamahi nui ana i te hangarau ka taea te whakawhāiti i te ngaronga mā ngā whakatau e ārahi ana i te raraunga.
• Te whakahaere pāmu: Ka nui ake te whakawhirinaki o ngā kaiparau ki te inihua huarere me ngā taputapu aukati i te mākete, ā, ka āwhina pea te hangarau 'digital twin' ki te whakatauira i ngā āhuatanga huarere rerekē.
• Te here kai: Ahakoa kei te teitei tonu ngā putunga witi o te ao, ka pau tere pea ngā pūtea whakapūmau nā te huarere tino kino, ka piki ake ngā utu kai, ina koa mō te ahumahi kararehe e whāngai ana i te kānga me te soy.
• Te ahunga haumi: Ka tere pea te rere o te whakapaipai mōrearea ki ngā hangarau ahuwhenua e urutau ana ki te huarere, pērā i ngā purapura ātete ki te tauraki, te whakamakuku iti, me ngā karetao ahuwhenua.

Te mātakitaki ā muri akeTe Tirohanga ā-Mua

I roto i ngā tau e 3-5 e haere ake nei, ka whakamātauria e te hui nui o El Niño te kaha o ngā pūnaha ahuwhenua o te ao. Ko te whaihua o te AI i roto i te ahuwhenua, ko te matapae i ngā huringa o te whakaputanga o te rohe i mua i te 6 marama, hei āwhina i ngā kāwanatanga me ngā kaihokohoko ki te whakatika i ngā kaupapa here. Ko te ahu whakamua o te mahi aunoa ka tere ake pea nā te kore o ngā kaimahi i ngā āhuatanga huarere tino kino. I roto i te ao hangarau kai, ka piki haere te tono mō ngā pūmua whakakapi nā te pikinga o ngā utu o te whāngai kararehe tawhito. Hei te wā roa, ko te kaha ki te urutau ki te huarere hei tohu matua mō te whakataetae ahuwhenua, e akiaki ana i te whakangao moni a te iwi whānui me te tangata takitahi ki te ahuwhenua tika me te ahuwhenua whakaora.

Kupu Whakamutunga

Ko te El Niño whai hītori he wero ki te pūnaha kai o nāianei, he whakakōkiri hoki mō te whakamua o te hangarau ahuwhenua. E ai ki te pūrongo, kāore te whakaiti i te hiakai e whakapūmautia te kai e tika ana – e noho tahi ana te kore kai a ngā tamariki me te tino nui o te kai a ngā pakeke. Nō reira, me whai whakaaro ngā rautaki ahuwhenua ki te pūmau o te whakaputanga, te kanorau o te kai me te kaha ki te urutau ki te huarere, ā, ko te hangarau te tino tīwae hei taurite i ēnei āhuatanga.